Alaska Volcano Observatory

Jonathan Dehn

Department:	Remote Sensing
Institute:	UAF/GI
Address:	Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7320
Discipline(s):	Geology Remote Sensing

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Jon Dehn is a volcanologist working in remote sensing of volcanic eruptions, and physical volcanology. He performs regular monitoring of the North Pacific volcanoes using satellite data, and research into volcanic processes. He currently supervises two students, and is on the graduate committees of 4 others.
Jon is also affiliate faculty at the University of Hawaii, where he serves on two committees.

His current research focuses on detection of volcanic unrest using thermal satellite data, and process modeling of volcanic eruptions using a handheld infrared camera (the FLIR). He and Ken Dean are working on an atlas of satellite images of volcanic eruptions, to be published by Springer in 2005.

[Show Publications]

Near-real-time volcanic ash cloud detection: Experiences from the Alaska Volcano Observatory 4552

Webley, P.W., Dehn, J., Lovick, J., Dean, K.G., Bailey, J.E., and Valcic, L., 2009, Near-real-time volcanic ash cloud detection: Experiences from the Alaska Volcano Observatory: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 186, n. 1-2, p. 79-90, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.02.010 .

Automated forecasting of volcanic ash dispersion utilizing Virtual Globes 4560

Webley,P.W., Dean, Kenneson, Bailey, J.E., Dehn, Jon, and Peterson, Rorik, 2009, Automated forecasting of volcanic ash dispersion utilizing Virtual Globes: Natural Hazards, v. 51, p. 345-361, doi: 10.1007/s11069-008-9246-2 .

The 2006 Augustine Alaska eruption: combined analyses of seismic and thermal data 4512

van Manen, S., Dehn, J., West, M., Blake, S., and Rothery, D., 2007, The 2006 Augustine Alaska eruption: combined analyses of seismic and thermal data [abs.]: Geological Society of London Bicentennial Conference, September 10-12, London, UK.

Volcanic ash modeling for North Pacific volcanoes automated operational monitoring and virtual globes 4277

There are over 100 active volcanoes in the North Pacific (NOPAC) region, most of which are located in uninhabited areas. The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) operationally monitors these volcanoes and is a joint program of the United States Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks and the State of Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. Dispersion models play a pivotal role in forecasting the movement of volcanic ash clouds by complementing remote sensing data and visual observations from the ground and aircraft. Puff is a three dimensional dispersion model primarily designed for forecasting volcanic ash dispersion and is used by AVO and other agencies.

Webley, P.W., Dean, Kenneson, Bailey, J.E., and Peterson, Rorik, 2007, Volcanic ash modeling for North Pacific volcanoes automated operational monitoring and virtual globes: Fourth International Workshop on Volcanic Ash, World Meterological Organization (WMO) in close collaboration with the International Civil Aviation Organziation (ICAO) and the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand, Rotorua, New Zealand, 26-20 March, 2007, 8 p., available at http://www.caa.govt.nz/Volcanic_Ash_Workshop/Papers/VAWS4WP0605.pdf .
full-text PDF : 1.78 MB

The reawakening of Alaska's Augustine Volcano 4177

Augustine volcano, in south central Alaska, ended a 20-year period of repose on 11 January 2006 with 13 explosive eruptions in 20 days. Explosive activity shifted to a quieter effusion of lava in early February, forming a new summit lava dome and two short, blocky lava flows by late March (Figure 1). The eruption was heralded by eight months of increasing seismicity, deformation, gas emission, and small phreatic eruptions, the latter consisting of explosions of steam and debris caused by heating and expansion of groundwater due to an underlying heat source.

Power, J.A., Nye, C.J., Coombs, M.L., Wessels, R.L., Cervelli, P.F., Dehn, J., Wallace, K.L., Freymueller, J.T., and Doukas, M.P., 2006, The reawakening of Alaska's Augustine Volcano: Eos, v. 87, n. 37, p. 373, 377.

Size- and time-resolved composition of volcanic ash from Augustine Volcano, Alaska 4422

Cahill, C.F., Cahill, T.A., Webley, P., Wallace, K.L., Dean, K.G., and Dehn, J., 2006, Size- and time-resolved composition of volcanic ash from Augustine Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, Joint Assembly Supplement, v. 87, abstract V22B-05.

Volcano monitoring using Google Earth 4405

Bailey, J.E., Dehn, Jonathan, Webley, Peter, and Skoog, Ray, 2006, Volcano monitoring using Google Earth [abs.]: Eos, Joint Assembly Supplement, v. 87, abstract IN43A-0898.

Volcano monitoring using Google Earth 4406

Bailey, John, and Dehn, Jonathan, 2006, Volcano monitoring using Google Earth [abs]: in Brady, S.R., Sinha, A.K., and Gundersen, L.C., Geoinformatics 2006 - Abstracts, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5201, p. 25, available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5201/ .

link to USGS website, containing links to the PDF on a USGS server

The role of remote sensing in monitoring of Augustine Volcano 4154

Webley, Peter, Dean, Ken, Dehn, Jon, Bailey, John, Schneider, Dave, Wessels, Rick, Lovick, Joseph, Rinkleff, Peter, and Izbekov, Pavel, 2006, The role of remote sensing in monitoring of Augustine Volcano [abs.]: Geological Society of America - Abstracts with Programs, v. 38, n. 5, p. 28.

Numerical modeling of lava flow cooling applied to the 1997 Okmok eruption: Comparison with Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer thermal imagery 3818

"Throughout February and March 1997, Okmok Volcano, in the eastern Aleutian Islands of Alaska, erupted a 6-km-long lava flow of basaltic 0a0a within its caldera. In the first part of the study a numerical model for lava flow cooling was developed by Patrick et al. and applied to the flow to better understand the nature of its cooling. In this second part of the study, the model predictions for lava surface temperature over a 200-day cooling period were compared to advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) thermal imagery. Various methods were used to extract the subpixel lava temperature from the AVHRR pixel-integrated values, including the dual-band method and pixel merging. Inherent to these approaches is the multicomponent modeling of the lava surface temperature."

Patrick, M. R., Dehn, J., and Dean, K., 2005, Numerical modeling of lava flow cooling applied to the 1997 Okmok eruption: Comparison with Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer thermal imagery: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, n. B02210, 9 p., doi: 10.1029/2003JB002538

Predicting regions susceptible to high concentrations of airborne volcanic ash in the North Pacific region 4105

Airborne ash probability distribution (AAPD) maps have been generated to show the distribution of airborne volcanic ash in the North Pacific (NOPAC) region by simulating volcanic eruption clouds from 22 of the 100 most historically active volcanoes in the region. The PUFF ash-dispersion model was run daily using archived wind field data between 1994-1995 and 1997-2001 for low and high aircraft flight levels. Subsequent statistics are generated representing the distribution of simulated airborne ash at 6- and 24-h intervals, defining the regions most likely to contain airborne ash and the direction and distance a volcanic ash cloud may propagate from a given volcano. The AAPD maps show the extent of ash from a given volcano can encompass all of Alaska, most of the North Pacific Ocean, portions of northwestern North America, regions as far south as 358N, regions over the western Arctic Ocean, and portions of eastern Russia.

Papp, K.P., Dean, K.G., and Dehn, J., 2005, Predicting regions susceptible to high concentrations of airborne volcanic ash in the North Pacific region: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 148, no. 3-4, p. 295-314, doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.04.020.

Active mud volcanism observed with Landsat 7 ETM+ 3681

Patrick, M. R., Dean, K., and Dehn, J., 2004, Active mud volcanism observed with Landsat 7 ETM+: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 131, n. 3-4, p. 307-320.

Spaceborne observations of the 2000 Bezymianny, Kamchatka eruption: the integration of high-resolution ASTER data into near real-time monitoring using AVHRR 4119

Ramsey, Michael, and Dehn, Jonathan, 2004, Spaceborne observations of the 2000 Bezymianny, Kamchatka eruption: the integration of high-resolution ASTER data into near real-time monitoring using AVHRR: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 135, p. 127-146.

Numerical modeling of lava flow cooling applied to the 1997 Okmok eruption: approach and analysis 3675

Patrick, M. R., Dehn, Jon, and Dean, Ken, 2004, Numerical modeling of lava flow cooling applied to the 1997 Okmok eruption: approach and analysis: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 109, n. 3, p. 1-17.

The 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska: a synthesis of remotely sensed imagery 3407

Patrick, M. R., Dehn, J., Papp, K. R., Lu, Z., Dean, K., Moxey, L., Izbekov, P., and Guritz, R., 2003, The 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska: a synthesis of remotely sensed imagery: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 127, n. 1-2, p. 87-105.

Deciphering silicic dome emplacement processes in the northern Pacific: Quantitative analyses of high resolution satellite and field-based data 4064

Ramsey, M.S., Dehn, J., Adleman, J.N., Larsen, J.F., McGimsey, R.G., Neal, C.A., and Wessels, R., 2003, Deciphering silicic dome emplacement processes in the northern Pacific: Quantitative analyses of high resolution satellite and field-based data [abs.]: in Fall meeting supplement, Eos, v. 84, n. 46, V51F-0346.

website with full text

The 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska: monitoring a distant eruption 2968

Shishaldin Volcano, in the central Aleutian volcanic arc, became seismically restless during the summer of 1998. Increasing unrest was monitored using a newly installed seismic network, weather satellites, and rare local visual observations. The unrest culminated in large eruptions on 19 April and 22-23 April 1999. The opening phase of the 19 April eruption produced a sub-Plinian column that rose to 16 km before rapidly dissipating. About 80 min into the 19 April event we infer that the eruption style transitioned to vigorous Strombolian fountaining. Exceptionally vigorous seismic tremor heralded the 23 April eruption, which produced a large thermal anomaly observable by satellite, but only a modest, 6-km-high plume.

Nye, C. J., Keith, T. E. C., Eichelberger, J. C., Miller, T. P., McNutt, S. R., Moran, S., Schneider, D. J., Dehn, J., and Schaefer, J. R., 2002, The 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska: monitoring a distant eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 64, n. 8, p. 507-519.

Surface change detection, topographic and geologic mapping of Okmok volcano, Alaska, using high-resolution AIRSAR sensor data 3545

"A study of Okmok volcano, located in the Aleutian Islands (Umnak Island - Alaska) was carried out using Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR/TOPSAR) radar data acquired in June 2000. It investigated the surface changes that resulted from the 1997 eruption that produced two large lava flows within the caldera. In addition, topographic and geologic mapping was conducted with the aid of AIRSAR data and Landsat satellite imagery. The high-resolution (5-meter) radar backscatter and digital elevation models (DEMs) generated from the SAR dataset were analysed with existing topographic data and its accuracy evaluated."

Moxey, L., Guritz, R., Dehn, J., and Price, E., 2002, Surface change detection, topographic and geologic mapping of Okmok volcano, Alaska, using high-resolution AIRSAR sensor data: NASA-Jet Propulsion Laboratory, AIRSAR Workshop, Pasadena, California, p. unknown.

Analysis of surface processes using SAR data; Westdahl Volcano, Alaska 3629

Dean, K. G., Engle, K., Groves, J., Dehn, J., and Partington, K., 2002, Analysis of surface processes using SAR data; Westdahl Volcano, Alaska: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 23, n. 21, p. 4529-4550.

An analysis of volcanic ash cloud movement and dispersion in the North Pacific region 3635

Papp, K. R., Dean, K. G., and Dehn, J., 2002, An analysis of volcanic ash cloud movement and dispersion in the North Pacific region [abs.]: in Whitledge, Terry, (ed.), Connectivity in northern waters; Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, and Gulf of Alaska interrelationships, Arctic Science Conference, 53, Program and Abstracts, Fairbanks, AK, Sept. 18-21, 2002, p. 180.

Satellite imagery proves essential for monitoring erupting Aleutian volcano 2937

"Mt. Cleveland is one of more than 40 active volcanoes in Alaska that is monitored by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). It is located on the western half of Chuginadak, a remote and uninhabited island in the east central Aleutians that lies 1526 km southwest of Anchorage. The closest inhabited community, Nikolski, is 75 km to the east on Umnak Island (Figure 1)."

Dean, Kenneson, Dehn, Jonathan, McNutt, Steve, Neal, Christina, Moore, Richard, and Schneider, Dave, 2002, Satellite imagery proves essential for monitoring erupting Aleutian volcano: Eos, v. 83, n. 22, p. 241, 246-247.

Thermal precursors in satellite images of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano 3478

Shishaldin Volcano, Unimak Island Alaska, began showing signs of thermal unrest in satellite images on 9 February 1999. A thermal anomaly and small steam plume were detected at the summit of the volcano in short-wave thermal infrared AVHRR (advanced very high resolution radiometer) satellite data. This was followed by over 2 months of changes in the observed thermal character of the volcano. Initially, the thermal anomaly was only visible when the satellite passed nearly directly over the volcano, suggesting a hot source deep in the central crater obscured from more oblique satellite passes.

Dehn, Jonathan, Dean, K. G., Engle, Kevin, and Izbekov, Pavel, 2002, Thermal precursors in satellite images of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 64, n. 8, p. 525-534.

Operational satellite monitoring of volcanoes at the Alaska Volcano Observatory 3477

"Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), and Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) are used routinely to detect and monitor elevated ground temperatures and eruption clouds at volcanoes in the North Pacific Region. Volcanoes in this region include those in Alaska, Kamchatka Peninsula and the northern Kuril Islands. These data provide observations multiple times per day of over 100 active volcanoes in this region."

Dean, K. G., Dehn, Jon, Engle, Kevin, Izbekov, Pavel, and Papp, Ken, 2002, Operational satellite monitoring of volcanoes at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: in Harris, A. J. H., Wooster, Martin, and Rothery, D. A., (eds.), Monitoring Volcanic Hotspots Using Thermal Remote Sensing, Advances in Environmental Monitoring and Modelling, v. 1, n. 3, p. 70-97.

The 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska, a synthesis of remotely sensed data 3544

Moxey, L., Dehn, J., Papp, K. R., Patrick, M. R., and Guritz, R., 2001, The 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska, a synthesis of remotely sensed data [abs.]: Eos, v. 82, n. 47, p. 1375.

Monitoring and analyses of volcanic activity using remote sensing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: case study for Kamchatka, Russia, December 1997 165

Schneider, D. J., Dean, K. G., Dehn, J., Miller, T. P., and Kirianov, V. Y., 2000, Monitoring and analyses of volcanic activity using remote sensing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: case study for Kamchatka, Russia, December 1997: in Mouginis-Mark, P. J., Crisp, J. A., and Fink, J. H., Remote sensing of active volcanism, American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 0116, p. 65-86.

Thermal monitoring of North Pacific volcanoes from space 200

Dehn, Jonathan, Dean, Ken, and Engle, Kevin, 2000, Thermal monitoring of North Pacific volcanoes from space: Geology, v. 28, n. 8, p. 755-758.

Phreatic explosions at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, September 1999 to August 2000 3694

McNutt, S. R., Dehn, Jonathan, and Gardner, James, 2000, Phreatic explosions at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, September 1999 to August 2000 [abs.]: Eos, v. 81, n. 48, p. 1376.

Numerical model of lava flow cooling for the 1997 Okmok eruption: comparison with AVHRR thermal imagery 3715

Patrick, Matt, Dehn, Jonathan, Dean, Kenneson, and Engle, Kevin, 2000, Numerical model of lava flow cooling for the 1997 Okmok eruption: comparison with AVHRR thermal imagery [abs.]: Eos, v. 81, n. 48, p. 1312.

An airborne ash hazards map for Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska 3717

Papp, K. R., Dean, K. G., Dehn, Jonathan, and Engle, Kevin, 2000, An airborne ash hazards map for Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, v. 81, n. 48, p. 1311-1312.

Thermal satellite imagery of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano 942

Dehn, J., Dean, K. G., Worley, S., Izbekov, P., Schneider, D., Theilen, M., and Engle, K., 1999, Thermal satellite imagery of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano [abs.]: in Severin, Barb and Anderson, P. M., (eds.), Science in the north: 50 years of change, Arctic Science Conference, 50, Program and Abstracts, Denali National Park and Preserve, AK, Sept 19-22, 1999, p. 210-211.

The use of satellite data to monitor volcanoes in the North Pacific region 953

Dean, K., Dehn, J., Izbekov, P., Worley, S., Engle, K., and Schneider, D., 1999, The use of satellite data to monitor volcanoes in the North Pacific region: in Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing, 13, Proceedings, v. 2, Vancouver, BC, Canada, March 1-3, 1999, Ann Arbor, MI, Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, p. II.84-II.87.

Synthetic aperture radar mosaic of volcanic landforms on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia 852

Izbekov, Pavel, Dean, Kenneson, and Dehn, Jonathan, 1999, Synthetic aperture radar mosaic of volcanic landforms on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia [abs.]: Eos, v. 80, n. 46, p. 1147.

Thermal satellite imagery of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano 858

Dehn, Jonathan, Dean, Kenneson, Worley, Shelly, Izbekov, Pavel, Schneider, D. J., Theilen, Monica, and Engle, Kevin, 1999, Thermal satellite imagery of the 1999 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano [abs.]: Eos, v. 80, n. 46, p. 1146.

Analysis of surface volcanic processes using SAR data: Westdahl Volcano, Alaska 943

Dean, Ken, Engle, Kevin, George, Shari, Partington, Kim, and Dehn, Jon, 1999, Analysis of surface volcanic processes using SAR data: Westdahl Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: in Severin, Barb and Anderson, P. M., (eds.), Science in the north: 50 years of change, Arctic Science Conference, 50, Program and Abstracts, Denali National Park and Preserve, AK, Sept 19-22, 1999, p. 209-210.

Monitoring of Arctic volcanoes via remote sensing 969

Dehn, J., Dean, K. G., Schneider, D. S., Izbekov, P., and Worley, S., 1998, Monitoring of Arctic volcanoes via remote sensing [abs.]: in International Cooperation in Arctic Research: Detecting Global Change and its Impacts in the Western Arctic, Arctic Science Conference, 49, Program and Abstracts, Fairbanks, AK, Oct. 25-28, 1998, p. 166-167.

SAR and TIR analysis of the 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska 968

Izbekov, Pavel, Dean, K. G., and Dehn, Jon, 1998, SAR and TIR analysis of the 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: in Arctic Science Conference, 49, Program and Abstracts, Fairbanks, AK, Oct. 25-28, 1998, p. 175.

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